The PK/PD Interactions of Doxycycline against Mycoplasma gallisepticum
نویسندگان
چکیده
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is one of the most important pathogens that cause chronic respiratory disease in chicken. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of doxycycline against M. gallisepticum strain S6. In static time-killing studies with constant antibiotic concentrations [0-64 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)], M. gallisepticum colonies were quantified and kill rates were calculated to estimate the drug effect. The half-life of doxycycline in chicken was 6.51 ± 0.63 h. An in vitro dynamic model (the drug concentrations are fluctuant) was also established and two half-lives of 6.51 and 12 h were simulated. The samples were collected for drug concentration determination and viable counting of M. gallisepticum. In static time-killing studies, doxycycline produced a maximum antimycoplasmal effect of 5.62log10 (CFU/mL) reduction and the maximum kill rate was 0.11 h(-1). In the in vitro dynamic model, doxycycline had a mycoplasmacidal activity in the two regimens, and the maximum antimycoplasmal effects were 4.1 and 4.75log10 (CFU/mL) reduction, respectively. Furthermore, the cumulative percentage of time over a 48-h period that the drug concentration exceeds the MIC (%T > MIC) was the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic index that best correlated with antimicrobial efficacy (R (2) = 0.986, compared with 0.897 for the peak level divided by the MIC and 0.953 for the area under the concentration-time curve over 48 h divided by the MIC). The estimated %T > MIC values for 0log10 (CFU/mL) reduction, 2log10 (CFU/mL) reduction and 3log10 (CFU/mL) reduction were 32.48, 45.68, and 54.36%, respectively, during 48 h treatment period of doxycycline. In conclusion, doxycycline shows excellent effectiveness and time-dependent characteristics against M. gallisepticum strain S6 in vitro. Additionally, these results will guide optimal dosing strategies of doxycycline in M. gallisepticum infection.
منابع مشابه
Using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the efficacy of six antimicrobials against Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the major mycoplasmal pathogen in poultry. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of six commonly used antimicrobials, including difloxacin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, gentamicin, and valnemulin, against Mycoplasma gallisepticum, using a Monte Carlo simulation based on the pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamic (PKPD) theory. The ratio of ...
متن کاملPharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Tiamulin in an Experimental Intratracheal Infection Model of Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the most important pathogen in poultry among four pathogenic Mycoplasma species. Tiamulin is a pleuromutilin antibiotic that shows a great activity against M. gallisepticum and has been approved for use in veterinary medicine particularly for poultry. However, the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) profiles of tiamulin against M. gallisepticum are not well unde...
متن کاملThe PK–PD Relationship and Resistance Development of Danofloxacin against Mycoplasma gallisepticum in An In Vivo Infection Model
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the causative agent of chronic respiratory disease (CRD), a prevalent disease of poultry, which is responsible for significant economic losses in farms. Although several antimicrobial agents are currently recommended for the treatment and prevention of M. gallisepticum infections, investigations of M. gallisepticum have been hampered by their fastidious growth requir...
متن کاملDetermination of the Mutant Selection Window and Evaluation of the Killing of Mycoplasma gallisepticum by Danofloxacin, Doxycycline, Tilmicosin, Tylvalosin and Valnemulin
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a common etiological cause of a chronic respiratory disease in chickens; its increasing antimicrobial resistance compromises the use of tetracyclines, macrolides and quinolones in the farm environment. Mutant selection window (MSW) determination was used to investigate the propensity for future resistance induction by danofloxacin, doxycycline, tilmicosin, tylvalosin...
متن کاملIsolation and identification of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickensbn from industrial farms in Kerman province
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the most important and infectious Mycoplasmosis. It is caused lots of economic losses for poultry's industry of Iran. The target of this study is comparison of culture and nested PCR techniques to detect Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection of chicken’s from industrial farms in Kerman province of Iran. 88 isolates received from industrial far...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Frontiers in microbiology
دوره 7 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2016